Are We Really Free - 1634 Words

The main questions for this paper is are we really free? This is for some people a difficult question to answer but for some they do not give it much thought. But when you look at it from a philosophical standpoint, it is not a simple answer. Some people look at the question with an open mind, some with a closed mind. I will be comparing and contrasting the three points that support the question are we free, and end with what I feel is the best viewpoint. Each point will be a summary of what I feel each mean to human rights. The first point I will discuss is determinism, which also has an extreme form called â€Å"hard determinism† (Chaffee, 2013, p. 173). Vilhauer states that â€Å"hard determinists hold that determinism and moral responsibility are incompatible, that determinism is true for all our actions, and that we are therefore not morally responsible for any of our actions† (Vilhauer, 2008, p. 211). By this, the quote is basically contradicting itself meaning that we choose the things that we do, but we can’t choose the things we do. â€Å"The determinist view of human freedom is typically based on the scientific model of the physical universe† (Chaffee, 2013, p. 176). This is meaning that the universe was formed based on events. To me this seems to define that determinists believe evolution and that the universe just appeared. â€Å"Events in the physical universe consistently display well-defined casual connections. There are scientific exceptions to this precise c asual determinismShow MoreRelatedAre We Really Free?1314 Words   |  6 PagesRules† by William Grieder he talks about what it is like to be an American worker in our society. He poses a question, â€Å"are Americans really free?† (Greider) This is a tough question to answer, what is our definition of free and how is freedom accomplished? Do we have more freedoms than the older generations? What roads have been paved for us and what disadvantages are we facing now? Grieder’s bottom line in this article was that communication is key for a successful business, is that accurate? TheseRead MoreAmeric Are We Really Free?903 Words   |  4 Pages America: Are we really free? Every day, nearly one-third of U.S. children ages four to nineteen eat from a fast food restaurant this adds on about six extra pounds per child every year and increases their risk of obesity (Fast Food). In my research I learned a lot about the health risks that come with eating fast food. Fast food causes childhood obesity rates in America to increase because of its convenience, ingredients, and lack of telling people what is in the food. The convenience of fast foodRead MoreAre We Really Free to Speak and Express Ourselves1588 Words   |  7 PagesARE WE REALLY FREE TO SPEAK AND EXPRESS OURSELVES? How many people believe we are really free to speak or express ourselves under the protection of our first amendment? And if we are really free to express ourselves, why is it that people have lost their jobs or have got into trouble by their mere words? Is it fair that we express ourselves with body art and clothing that are distasteful to others regardless of their age, race, religion, or creed? How about rap artists and song writers? ShouldRead MoreGlobalization : A Way Short Introduction928 Words   |  4 PagesGenerally people just know it as spreading one’s ideals into the world. But after reading this book I was able to really learn about the effects and consequences of the globalization. I also learned that globalization really affects everyone around the world pretty heavily. There were many new and important Ideas I learned from this book, but there were also some that I did agree on. I really liked the section that talked about how globalization is a contested concept. The term â€Å"globalization† didn’tRead MoreThe Literacy Rate Of The United States1361 Words   |  6 PagesStates depend on how education in public and private schools providing to students and how it is affecting them to build bright futures. American literacy rate has not been changed since ten years, that’s sounds really sad that we are not continuing with our American dream. Who should we blame for this downfall in nation s education system? Our president, or department of education. Nobody will have better answers for our question. According to the study, which conduct by the National InstituteRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will1089 Words   |  5 PagesDeterminism vs. Free will The belief that all events have causes and if there ever is an equivalent origin, the same outcome will occur is called determinism. Almost meaning that every event is certain and that there really isn’t such thing as â€Å"free will†. We have the debut of free will, it is an unmitigated appearance that simply holds that there is a case about anything that happens in the near future, nevertheless how it comes about. Which leads to the question, do we have free will? Or are ourRead MoreResponsibilites of a Catholic Citizen Essay579 Words   |  3 Pagesneeded to change the lives of many people throughout the world. Being a Catholic Citizen in today’s free society, we have many responsibilities. Some being: to make known to the world of how precious God’s gift of life to us really is, to spread the faith, and to donate not only money but also there time to those in need. God gave us precious life and free will, but meant for us to use our free will to protect His precious gift, not destroy it. In today’s society, there are too many choices. AbortionsRead MoreBenefits Of Community College746 Words   |  3 PagesShould community college should be free? Now everyone can get an education if they wanted to, community colleges or a university can help people get a career to succeed. Some students dont really have enough money to go to a university because is really expensive but there is a solution community college can help everyone earn their associates degree and transfer in the future. Community colleges gives students the opportunity to get the same education as a university but with less money. CommunityRead MoreA Letter To Failures Up At Citra Co900 Words   |  4 Pagesthat was our free giveaway promotion. Hopefully you’ve all received your products by now and if not (the wait is finally over) theyre all slowly arriving to our customers. Ive put a few pics of some happy customers at the bottom of this email! From everyone here at Citra Co we’d really like to apologise for the inconvenience and hassle this may have caused. A few things went wrong on our end that contributed greatly to our promotion going completely off plan and we feel like we owe everyoneRead More2. The Search For Meaning And The Idea Of Freedom. . Frankl1357 Words   |  6 Pages2. The Search for Meaning and the Idea of Freedom Frankl supports the idea that humans are ultimately free and is the ultimate achievement for man. Even in the most terrible circumstances, a person still has the freedom to choose how they see their outcome and what kind of meaning they are going to take away from the situation. Frankl believes that there is a kind of freedom that can never be stolen from a person no matter how ruthless the situation. Frankl wrestled with the questions of where

The Most Popular Thesis Proposal

The Most Popular Thesis Proposal Here's What I Know About Thesis Proposal Following is a good example of a written government proposal. A thesis is the consequence of a long thinking practice. The previous step in the procedure, Visualizing your finished publications, is most likely the most essential one in the 5-step procedure for writing a thesis proposal. You should construct a thesis that you're well prepared to prove employing the tools you've got available, without needing to consult the world's top expert on the issue to supply you with a definitive judgment. Give yourself credit for all of the work you've already done. Our work is to create certain that each and every customer is matched with one of the most perfect professional, and that means you maximize our services. You've got to be aware that the thesis works are intended to develop you as an individual, so studies in areas you've got personal interest are paramount. Proposals from former students are offer ed on the department website and can be reviewed to aid you in developing your proposal. Most PhD programs require a minumum of one publication. The student can't assume that the committee will read or respond to any extra appendices. It is very important that you craft a thesis sentence that's insightful, original and memorable to guarantee you impress the reader. It shouldn't be superficial, broad or sprawling as it beats the aim of the sentence. Before writing that kind of thesis statement, however, you need to consult with your instructor. Start out with a purpose statement that you'll later become a thesis statement. Because your thesis statement will be just one sentence at the conclusion of your introductory paragraph, you must select the most compelling argument for your statement. Put simply, the thesis ought to be a roadmap to the remaining part of the essay. A great thesis falls somewhere between both extremes. It's important before structuring the thesis to think about the very first argument that came into mind once you thought of your topic. The grade of the proposal document is a valuable part of the evaluation. Receive a sneak peek of the way in which a great doctoral proposal is written. The very first step to each very good thesis is the proposal. The focus has to be on the character of the item, not the graduation date. Writing a great thesis proposal isn't simple. Superior thesis statement might truly be tricky. Nowadays you have a working thesis! The thesis is the secret to any persuasive speech or essay. Key Pieces of Thesis Proposal Little comprehension of English can also ensure it is difficult that you develop a thesis topic. Usually, a scientific research proposal includes a succinct introduction to the research topic, a literature review, and a methodology that will explain the way the student plans to satisfy the goals of the research. A discussion of the research techniques that you have used 5. Thorough research and study are essential for a very good thesis topic. Gossip, Deception and Thesis Proposal There's no restriction on the amount of the abstract, but it is generally no longer than 1 page. The word abstract must be at the surface of the page in all-capital letters. The proposal is all about 15 to 20 pages. A thesis proposal isn't a location for typos or bad readability. The Hidden Facts About Thesis Proposal There are a few items that could assist the job of creating a thesis proposal faster and easier. It is possible to also compare a thesis proposal to an outline which provides you with a chance to highlight key points of the research you intend to undertake later on. If you're able to carefully outline the pieces of the thesis, you can stick to the outline in conducting the research to come up with the true project. A thesis involves original research and is an established process for developing specialized knowledge and techniques that could boost a person's expertise within a substantive subject of study. Your thesis will be dedicated to a particular topic. In case the topic is too broad, you'll most probably be overwhelmed with the materials offered and have to do lots of readings, which also can be quite tedious. A thesis proposal is crucial to be created as it's a way for those individuals who will evaluate your research topic or subject to comprehend how you'd like your study to further develop. Keep in mind a great thesis proposal demands a thorough description of the suggested topic. Vital Pieces of Thesis Proposal Developing a very good thesis is crucial because in severa l cases it sets the tone for the remainder of the paper and so, becomes a decisive point of your project's success. As you work on your thesis, don't forget to keep the remainder of your paper in mind in any respect times. If it's your very first time writing a dissertation, they you will need the whole thesis writing help you'll be able to get. Make certain you shape the subject of your paper such that you're ready to get to the middle of the topic.

Theories of Motivation and Leadership

Question: Discuss about the Theories of Motivation and Leadership. Answer: Introduction: Kurt Lewin in his theory of Force Field Analysis tried to deal with two forces that are important in change management of an organisation. This includes the driving forces and the restraining forces (Burnes and Cooke 2013). In an organisation like Qantas the maintenance of the equilibrium between these two forces were important. However, in case of Alan Joyce the issue was related to the restraining force. There were certain changes that were brought by him. This situation created obstacles like customer and employee satisfaction. There has to be a status quo for resisting change. Alan Joyce took few steps that offended not only customers but also other shareholders of the company. These abrupt changes were the core causes that created an imbalance in the equilibrium that was cited by Kurt Lewin. Alan Joyce could understand that there were necessary steps that were required to take for the organization. However, he could not move to the correct there steps that were formed by Lewin in his theory. The steps included the unfreezing of the present situation, proceeding towards the change that is desirable for the organisation and finally freezing the required changed that has been attained by the organisation (Miner 2015). In relation to the Kurt Lewins idea of change management, there are certain other essential matters. Alan Joyce had to understand the emotions of his shareholders in order to deal with the critical situation. Joyce failed to understand and track the behaviour of the shareholders with his initial change management forces. He could have analysed the situation and this would have helped him to perform as per industry standards. The necessary changes could have been brought with the help of slow and analytical movements. This would have helped to retain the equili brium as specified by Lewin. The most important aspect that the CEO of Qantas missed in bringing change in the organisation was brainstorming. Mind mapping would have helped him in dealing with the situation easily and effectively. The evaluation of the driving and restraining forces through rating would have been important for holistically analyzing the situation. Reference Burnes, B. and Cooke, B., 2013. Kurt Lewin's Field Theory: A Review and Reà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ evaluation.International journal of management reviews,15(4), pp.408-425. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge.

Quality and Value of Food

Table of Contents Introduction Food procurement Food storage Food preparation and service Conclusion Reference List Introduction Quality and value of food is an important factor in retention of loyal and creation of customers in a restaurant especially when targeting tourists. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Quality and Value of Food specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tourists sample food in order to gain the real sense of the place they visit; therefore, this has called for development of local and foreign foods in most restaurants as the competitive factor in the business. Food quality has positive association with value of money a customer is willing to spend on food. Quality of food has positive effects on retention and creation of customers. Food of poor quality keeps off the customers and even the new customers do not return if they encounter poor quality on their first visit. On the other hand, custome rs remain loyal to a specific restaurant if they experience food of good quality and value for the first time. Restaurant business is a very competitive industry and to be above our competitors, we have to look at the quality and value of food we are preparing and serving to the customers. Tourist customers look for aspects such as available varieties of food, quality, and value for money for their satisfaction (Clark Wood 1998). This paper will look comprehensively at the value and good quality of food in creation and retention of customers in a restaurant. Food procurement There are many people such as producers, suppliers, storage personnel, preparation and service staff involved directly and indirectly in determining the quality and value of food. Producers being the farmers are involved in producing food. Preparation of food of good quality means use of ingredients of good quality thus food production by farmers affects directly the quality and value of food. Customers have to get the value for money they are spending on producing food and this is only achieved if the farming materials used are of high quality. Farmers have to be in touch with requirements and changing tastes at restaurants. For instance, the quality of locally produced meat, vegetables and organic food has been creating extra value as this is desired by tourists and local customers. Suppliers also affect the quality and value of food offered at a restaurant (Crotts Raschid 2008). Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means they should supply food on time when still fresh as some foods like vegetables are perishable and lose value with time. Thus this calls for the manager to be careful when choosing his suppliers. This ensures availability of quality ingredients whenever needed to avoid losing customers. Food storage According to Crotts Raschid (2008), food has to be stored pr operly and safely to ensure it does not lose quality and meets health standards. This calls for the manager to ensure that the restaurant has good storage facilities. Cold rooms for vegetables should always be well maintained and good hygiene observed when handling food thus the manager should ensure he has employed a qualified and experienced store keeper with knowledge of food handling techniques as this affects directly the quality of food prepared and served to customers. Food preparation and service When it comes to food preparation it affects directly the quality and value of food served to the customers. The manager should ensure that he has recruited the right staff with the knowledge and experience in production and preparation of different food items in the menu. This means there should be specialization of roles in the kitchen where by every cook prepares and produces what he/she is good at. Also, there should be use of specialized tools and equipment during food prepar ation (Crick Campbell, 2007). This saves on cost of production as there is minimized wastage of food. With good organization in the kitchen, production and preparation of quality food on time is achievable. This attracts and retains both local and tourist customers as they are satisfied with the quality of food and get value for money they are spending on food. The preparation area has to be well arranged to ensure minimized interruptions among the cooks which might cause delay in preparation of food. This ensures there is no mixed flavors’ among different food items thus food served is of the exact flavor as expected by the customer. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Quality and Value of Food specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Food should be classified depending on their cooking time to ensure they are well cooked and do not keep customers waiting for long. The manager should always ensure his staff is le arning continuously to keep in touch with new menu items in the market and changing methods of preparation. Different food items in the market must be prepared well to compete effectively with other restaurants. In all the preparation and production units the chef should always check and emphasize on maintenance of good hygiene which can never be neglected when it comes to preparation of quality food. The manager should employ qualified and experienced waiters for them to offer high standard services to the customers. They should be well trained on hospitality as are the ones who are in direct contact with the customers. They should cooperate with the team in the preparation section and inform them accurately on demand of different food items on the menu and the expressed desires by the customers to avoid losing customers to other restaurants. This calls for a very effective team work in the restaurant in order to satisfy the customers (Ekinci Massey 2008). Conclusion It has been shown clearly that the quality and value of food are important factors in retention of loyal and creation of new local and tourist customers in a restaurant and thus a manager should pay close attention to these factors in order to be the leading food provider in today’s competitive tourism industry. Reference List Clark, M. A., Wood, R. C. (1998). Consumer loyalty in the restaurant industry—A preliminary exploration of the issues. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 10 (4), 139-44. Crick, A., Campbell, A. (2007). McDonaldization, Mass customization and Customization: An analysis of Jamaica‘s all-inclusive hotel sector. Ideaz, 6, 22-41.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Crotts, J., Pan, B., Raschid, A.E. (2008). A survey method for identifying key drivers of guest delight. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(4), 462-470. Ekinci, Y., Dawes, P. L., Massey, G. R. (2008). An extended model of antecedents and consequences of consumer satisfaction for hospitality services. European Journal of Marketing, 42(1/2), 35-68. This essay on Quality and Value of Food was written and submitted by user Lilly Foreman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

My People Myself essays

My People Myself essays The book written by Mary Lawrence (1996) called My People Myself is a great story of a native womens struggle in society. The book does an excellent job of portraying a native womens life on an Indian reserve in British Colombia. With Mary Lawrences real life story the struggles facing natives are brought to the forefront and the truths of growing up as a native Indian are described in the harsh settings of old run down houses. Readers are able to read and see that native Indians have endured great pains over the years at the hands of society and the government. The struggles that are depicted in Mary Lawrences book are in regards to physical abuse and drug abuse. In addition the author discusses sexual abuse. The book My people, myself talks about the authors struggles with drug, alcohol, and prescription pill addiction. The book goes into great detail in describing the cycles of these drugs and the methods of using and selling drugs. Mary Lawrence also discusses t! he problems she faced regarding social relationships. These relationships were with her male partners, family members and friends. The author of My people, myself was one of six children who grew up on a reserve just north of the town Vernon in British Colombia. Mary Lawrence lived with her mother and 5 siblings. Mary also lived near her Grandmother whom she loved dearly. The house in which Mary and her family lived in was old and rundown. Furthermore, the house had no electricity and running water. The family cooked using gas stoves and used candles for light. The house also had no carpeting or linoleum floors and the family used the wood stove for heat. Marys mother was also living off social assistance and since the family had no fridge she bought canned foods. From a very young age Mary was exposed to a kind of chaos that would cause turmoil for any child. Marys older brother Hugh was always breaking the rule...

Anarchism and Anarchist Terrorism

Anarchism and Anarchist Terrorism Anarchism was a late 19th-century idea among a number of Europeans, Russians, and Americans that all government should be abolished, and that voluntary cooperation, rather than force, should be societys organizing principle. The word itself comes from a Greek word, anarkos, which means without a chief. The movement had its origins in the search for a way to give industrial working classes a political voice in their societies. By the turn of the 20th century, anarchism was already on the wane, to be replaced by other movements encouraging the rights of dispossessed classes and revolution. Propaganda of the Deed A number of late 19th century thinkers argued that actions, rather than words, were the best way to spread ideas. The concept was adopted by anarchists. For some, it referred to communal violence, while for  others it referenced assassinations and bombings carried out by anarchists. Anarchist Terrorism The late 19th century saw a wave of political violence inspired by anarchist ideas which were subsequently  labeled anarchist terrorism: 1881: the assassination of Russian Tsar Alexander II, by the group Narodnaya Volya1894: the assassination of the French president Marie-Francois Sadi Carnot1894: Bombing of Greenwich Observatory in London1901: the assassination of American president William McKinley in September 1901, by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. These assassinations led to fear among governments that there existed a vast international conspiracy of anarchist terrorists. In fact, there never was one. Anarchists Today: No Connection to Religious Terrorism or War on Terror Anarchists themselves argue that they should not be considered terrorists, or associated with terrorism. Their claims are reasonable: for one thing, most anarchists  actually oppose the use of violence to achieve political aims, and for another, violence by anarchists was historically directed at political figures, not civilians, as terrorism is. On a different note, Rick Coolsaet suggests  there is an analogy to be made between the past and the present. Muslims are often regarded now with the same mixture of fear and contempt as workers were in the 19th century. And the jihadi terrorist has the same feelings about America as his anarchist predecessor had about the bourgeoisie: he sees it as the epitome of arrogance and power. Osama bin Laden is a 21st century Ravachol, a living symbol of hatred and resistance for his followers, a bogeyman for the police and intelligence services. Today’s jihadis resemble yesterday’s anarchists: in reality, a myriad of tiny groups; in their own eyes, a vanguard rallying the oppressed masses (5). Saudi Arabia has now taken the role of Italy while 11 September 2001 is the modern version of 24 June 1894, a wake-up call to the international community.The reasons for the rise of terrorism now and anarchism then are the same. Muslims worldwide are united by a sense of unease and crisis. The Arab world seems to be more bitter, more cynical and less creative than it was in the 1980s. There is a growing sense of solidarity with other Muslims, a feeling that Islam itself is in danger. This is fertile ground for a fanatical minority.

Principles and Practices of Leadership and Management Essay - 1

Principles and Practices of Leadership and Management - Essay Example In this paper, there are several contingency models which have been discussed to outline the theories of leadership in the society. Contingency Theory of Decision Making As per this model, the success of a decision procedure is contingent upon a number of instances of the situation. This involves the significance of the decision attributes and acceptance, the extent of relevant information owned by the leader and subordinates. Also, there is the possibility that subordinates will admit an autocratic verdict or cooperate in attempting to make a good decision when allowed to participate. In addition, there is the degree of disagreement among workers with regard to their favored alternatives. Path–Goal Theory The theory suggests that the leader should assist explicate the path for workers to achieve the group goals. This is where the leader employs particular behaviors in particular situations to intensify follower satisfaction as well as motivate efforts in the direction of task accomplishment. The theory recognizes four kinds of leader behavior which includes supportive, directive, achievement oriented and participative leader behavior. In instances where the task is taxed, the theory forecast that supportive behaviors of leadership may increase the workers' interest in task completion and encourage workers' expectations for an effective outcome. On the other hand, in instances where the task is complicated, then the directive behaviors such as explaining the task and emphasizing on rewards on good performance may increase the workers positive expectation (House, 1996). Normative Decision Model This theory exclusively focuses on providing prescriptions to enhance the decision-making process of the leader. It gives out a set of 5 different strategies of decision-making that range from directive decision making to a participative one. The finest strategy for making decision situations may be arrived at by answering â€Å"yes/no† to 7 questions based on a decision tree which may characterize the situation for decision-making. The significance of decision quality, the probability that workers would accept to execute the decision as well as the quantity of available information required for the decision amounts to some of the examples of situational considerations (Smith, 1984). Situational Leadership Theory The theory proposes that the effectiveness of leadership depends purely on the ability of the leader to customize his/her behavior to the necessity of the situation. For instance, the workers’ level of maturity. The function of the leader is to constantly evaluate and modifies his/her behavior to each workers’ task and psychological maturity to accomplish the task in sight. For example, when a worker happens to have lower maturity, then the leader should assist the employee on how to carry out the job. However, when a worker is more mature, then probably he/she does not require much assistance to have the work do ne. In this situation, it would be proper to delegate the task to the employee. Studies back the theory's hypothesis that low maturity workers mostly take advantage of the directive behavior. The theory has however been disapproved for its limited focus on only a single situational element, but it has played a part in the understanding of the effectiveness

Democracy in Modern World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Democracy in Modern World - Essay Example Gladys argument focuses on the fact that democracies cannot wage successful wars as the case of Athenians waging war in Sicily’s. I do support her argument that democratic countries should distinguish between good and bad leaders, but I find certain flaws in her argument. I agree with Gladys’ premises that suggest the country frightened their generals into sending better news home than the facts on the ground and chose weak generals to wage the war. This argument leads to her argument that democracies cannot wage a successful war. A look at all the premises helps Gladys conclude that a democratic country cannot lead such a war is viable.Her argument in her conclusion is valid since there need to be better strategies in war, and the failure of Athenians was a result of poor strategies and poor execution by the generals. There was a need to evaluate leaders and have better alternatives. In her argument, it is clear that poor intelligence brought the wrong generals, and th ey were overextended. This situation showed that to have the best plans there is a need for good executors for it to be successful. In conclusion, I agree with her argument that democratic countries cannot wage successful war since their strategies are prone to hope and checks and balances. Such checks limit the passion experienced in such wars but to be on the safe side all parties in a war need to appreciate and differentiate between choosing weak and strong leaders to wage wars.

Treatment options for blood clots Essay Example for Free

Treatment options for blood clots Essay The option in treating blood clots is a case to case basis whether the clot has developed in an artery or a vein and creates stroke or heart attack. During emergencies, thrombolytic treatments-clot busters- may possibly used to suspend the blood clot. These treatments are applied to some selected patients in accordance to an extensive protocol. In order to be efficient, they are provided no less than one hour of the heart attack or in three hours of the stroke. Thrombolytics are normally applied when there are huge clots which cause severe and life-threatening signs. These can create abrupt and unexpected bleeding. There are many invasive methods that can also be used. One of these is the catheter-directed thrombolysis. It is a method which the catheter proc\vides thrombolytic enzymes straight to the blood clot. Throughout this process, greater enzymes’ concentrations could be utilized and may possibly have lesser side effects compared when the enzymes are supplied subcutaneously no less than two days. Thrombolytic method is followed by a treatment that has anticoagulants to stop more blood clots from formation. Anticoagulants could be advised to patients that have great risk of a blood clot. Researchers are really trying very hard to different catheter-based procedures to cure stroke rapidly. One of the experimental procedures which included is the use of a tiny â€Å"corkscrew† device which rapidly reverses the injury created by a stroke. The said device is directed to where the blood clot is; where it removes the obstruction. Another procedure depends on a special laser catheter which utilizes light energy to suspend rapidly the blood clot. These latest therapies can be accessible to a patient that cannot bear clot-busting drugs (see â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). Furthermore, when a blood clot develops in a leg vein, there is a risk that a pulmonary embolism will form. A pulmonary embolism may possibly be a life-threatening in which blood clots break away from its location and passes through the bloodstream and stay in one of the blood vessels of the lungs. To avoid and stop a pulmonary embolism, the present blood clots in the legs may cured with a mixture of heat, thrombolytics, painkilling treatments, elevation of the injured area to lessen swelling and anticoagulants. This procedure relies on the clot’s size and the seriousness of any current symptoms. When a patient does not react to anticoagulants, the physicians will decide for a process which uses a catheter having a special device named as vena cava filter. The vena cava filter is inserted in the large vein which transports blood from the legs up to the heart and lungs (vena cava). Additionally, the vena cava filter is a kind of a device which catches blood clots within the vein before the blood clots are permitted to reach the lungs. However, there are several danger related with vena cava filters which comprise failure of the filter in terms of time and blood clots created by means of it. Many researchers really work on in improving the vena cava filters which can be withdrawn right after the medication of pulmonary embolism. There are researches that substantiated and confirmed that treatment in a longer period of time along with a low-does anticoagulant drugs aids in stopping the presence of blood clots amongst those patients who have background of vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (see â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). C. 2 Diagnosis methods There are several ways on how to diagnose blood clots. It starts with a medical background and physical test. When there is suspension of clot, several of examinations are utilized to substantiate the diagnosis and these include Doppler ultrasound, CAT scan and MRI: *Doppler ultrasound pertains to an imaging technology which utilizes sound or motion waves to give visual images of the structure and of several blood vessels and organs in our body (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006).   CAT scan refers to computer axial tomography. It is an examination which utilizes a number of x-rays which got from different sides in order to give a computerized three-dimensional image of a body shape (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). MRI means magnetic resonance imaging which is a noninvasive examination that utilizes magnetic fields to give high-resolution cross- sectional or three-dimensional visual images of the aimed surface (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†.Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). References 1. â€Å"Thrombus†. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. October 11, 2006. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Blood_clot 2. â€Å"Blood Clotting†. June 4, 2005. http://users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Clotting. html 3. â€Å"Blood Clots†. HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots. cfm 4. â€Å"The Biology of Blood Clots†. Mayo Clinic’s Online Research Magazine. 2006.http://discoverysedge. mayo. edu/vascular_biology/ 5. â€Å"How do blood clots form? March 11, 2004. http://www. innohepusa. com/corporateweb/innohepus/home. nsf/Content/Howdoclotsform. 6. â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots7. cfm 7. â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots6. cfm.

Indonesian Demographic Transition Essay -- Population Control

Introduction The effects of population control programs on demographic change were not instant, and it takes long serious effort to encourage the improvement of economic development in a country. According to Paul J. Gertler (1994, p. 33), â€Å"Population control is a key element in a country’s ability to maintain and improve its economic and social welfare†. Furthermore, this paper intends to explain why the change of population structure has an effect on the society’s economic condition in Indonesia with examining the demographic variables. This short paper is aimed to support the hypothesis that the demographic variables are important influential factors on the economic development and significantly affect on the social welfare in Indonesia. Therefore, the paper proceed with examining the demographic transition from 1970 to 2000 in the change of population structure, and also considering the population control program which enhances the economic development. In order to understand the relationship between population control program and the improvement of the social welfare, this paper will focus on how its relationship with the age structure, population density and the life expectancy. Background The population control program in Indonesia has come a long way since it was established by the Indonesian government in the late 1960s. The Indonesian family planning (FP) program which is held by the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) has implemented the concept of how to form happy and prosperous families as a means to improve family welfare. However, the concept was not separated from the main purpose of the population control program, which basically focuses on the contraceptives’ use in order to reduce the fe... ...e can understand the reason why the change of population structure has an effect on the society’s economic condition. The changes in age structure in Indonesia shows the significant increase in the productive age which leads to the increase of the labor force, and also shows the increase in women participation in labor force. The life expectancy can be used for evaluating the government performance (family planning program) in improving family resilience and institutionalizing quality of small family. Lastly, the population density is an important factor to evaluate the society's quality of live. Finally, this paper has shown that the society's welfare has generally placed on the role of demographic variables in economic growth and there is a significant relationship between population control program and the improvement of the society’s welfare in Indonesia.

Hildegard of Bingen

Hildegard of Bingen date of birth is uncertain; it was concluded that she may have been was born in 1098 at Bermersheim bei Alzey (Bockelheim, Germany) in the diocese of Mainz. She was raised in a family of free noble; her parents were Hildebert and Mechtilide who came from a Germany education. Hildegard was born the tenth child (a tithe) to a noble family. As was customary with the tenth child, whom the family could not count on feeding, she was dedicated at birth to the church to serve the church, to be a medieval prophet, a healer, an artist and a composer. Hildegard explains that from a very young age she had experienced visions. At the age of eight Hildegard was sent to a convent and was raised and educated at Disibodenberg. Some scholars speculate that because of her visions, she was placed in the care of Jutta, the daughter of Count Stephan II of Sponheim. Hildegard says that she first saw â€Å"The Shade of the Living Light† at the age of three and by the age five she began to understand that she was experiencing visions. In Hildegard’s youth, she referred to her visionary gift as her viso. She explained that she saw all things in the light of God through the five senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. Hildegard was hesitant to share her visions, confiding only to Jutta, who in turn told Volmar Hildegard's tutor and, later, secretary. During the twenty four years when Jutta and Hildegard were in the convent together, there is no written record of what happened during these times. It is possible that Hildegard could have been a chantress and a worker in the herbarium. Hildegard also tells us that Jutta taught her to read and write, but that she was unlearned and therefore incapable of teaching Hildegard Biblical interpretation. Hildegard and Jutta most likely prayed, meditated, read scriptures such as the Psalter, and did some sort of handwork during the hours of the Divine Office. This also might have been a time when Hildegard learned how to play the ten-stringed psaltery. Volmar, a frequent visitor, may have taught Hildegard simple psalm notation. The time she studied music could also have been the beginnings of the compositions she would later create. Illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen – Sante Fe: Bear and Company, 1985) Upon Jutta's death in 1136, Hildegard was unanimously elected as â€Å"magistra† of her sister community by her fellow nuns. Abbot Kuno, the Abbot of Disibodenberg, also asked Hildegard to be Prioress. Hildegard, however, wanted more independence for herself and her nuns and asked Abbot Kuno to allow them to move to Rupertsberg. When the abbot declined Hildegard's proposition, Hildegard went over his head and received the approval of Archbishop Henry I of Mainz. Abbot Kuno did not relent, however, until Hildegard was stricken by an illness that kept her paralyzed and unable to move from her bed, an event that she attributed to God's unhappiness at her not following his orders to move her nuns to Rupertsberg. It was only when the Abbot himself could not move Hildegard that he decided to grant the nuns their own monastery. Hildegard and about twenty nuns thus moved to the St. Rupertsberg monastery in 1150, where Volmar served as provost, as well as Hildegard's confessor and scribe. In 1165 Hildegard founded a second convent for her nuns at Eibingen. (Illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen – Sante Fe: Bear and Company, 1985) Hildegard did not manifest the visions until when she was in her early forties. The church did not allow women to sing; however, women were permitted to compose music for convents. Hildegard of Bingen was one such woman who wrote sacred music for choirs in convents. Not only did Hildegard compose music for church choirs, but she also wrote pieces of music that could be performed outside of the church, otherwise known as secular music. She began to have the symbolic and didactic visions for which she became famous. At first she did not write any of her visions down but then when she fell gravely ill she blamed it on the fact that she was not revealing her visions. After consulting with the Pope and St Bernard of Clairvaux she began to write her visions down, in the Scivas. Archbishop Heinrich convinced Hildegard to share her visions and believed them to be a gift from God. Pope Eugenis III sent a commission to investigate Hildegard’s vision and obtain a copy of her writings. Pope Eugenis III read Hildegard’s visions in front of the synod that all believed them to be true. The Pope sent Hildegard a letter of approval, authorizing her to continue transcribing her visions. The result of this was to ratify Hildegard’s visionary gift. Hildegard was not just restricted to religious life but she was also an abbess, mystic, poet, musician and scientist. (German Mysticism-Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993) She had a very hard and productive life. She become very well known and wrote many songs and books, many of which are still read today. She made a large contribution to society at her time overcoming whatever problems faced her. Hildegard used a large variety of parables, metaphors, symbols, visionary imagery and non-verbal means to make her work reach out to many who are totally deaf to more standard approaches. She felt that everyone deserved the right to learn about her work, especially the visions she was receiving from God, even though they may have physical or mental disadvantages. Throughout her life, she continued to have many visions, and in 1141, at the age of 42, Hildegard received a vision she believed to be an instruction from God, to â€Å"write down that which you see and hear. † Still hesitant to record her visions, Hildegard became physically ill. The illustrations recorded in the book of Scivias were visions that Hildegard experienced, causing her great suffering and tribulations. In her first theological text, â€Å"Know the Ways†. (The letters of Hildegard of Bingen – Oxford University Press, 1994) Hildegard describes her struggle within. But I, though I saw and heard these things, refused to write for a long time through doubt and bad opinion and the diversity of human words, not with stubbornness but in the exercise of humility, until, laid low by the scourge of God, I fell upon a bed of sickness; then, compelled at last by many illnesses, and by the witness of a certain noble maiden of good conduct the nun Richardis von Stade and of that man whom I had secretly sought and found, as mentioned above, I set my hand to the writing. While I was doing it, I sensed, as I mentioned before, the deep profundity of scriptural exposition; and, raising myself from illness by the strength I received, I brought this work to a close though just barely in ten years. (Hildegard von Bingen, Mystical Visions) And I spoke and wrote these things not by the invention of my heart or that of any other person, but as by the secret mysteries of God I heard and received them in the heavenly places. And again I heard a voice from Heaven saying to me, ‘Cry out therefore, and write thus Hildegard's vivid description of the physical sensations which accompanied her visions has led neurologist (and popular author) Oliver Sacks to speculate that they were symptoms of migraine, in particular because of her description of light. Sacks argue that the illuminations that appear in Hildegard's manuscripts confirm that Hildegard suffered from negative scotoma. (Hildegard von Bingen- Mystical Visions) After taking up her role as Superior of the community of nuns, Hildegard became convinced she should no longer remain silent about what she experienced in the Living Light. She heard a voice that addressed her: â€Å"0 frail human formed from the dust of the earth, ashes from ashes, cry out and proclaim the beginning of undefiled salvation! Let those who see the inner meaning of Scripture, yet do not wish to proclaim or preach it, take instruction, for they are lukewarm and sluggish†¦. Therefore pour out a fountain of abundance, over-flow with mysterious learning, so that those who want you to be despicable on account of Eve's transgression may be overwhelmed by the flood of your profusion. † (Hildegard von Bingen-Mystical Visions) Matthew Fox, the founder of creation spirituality, while he examined her writings and explored some of her teachings through a series of meditations. He described her as being a strong, feminine figure, revered by the New Age, who are attracted by her theology, with its emphasis on the harmony of the created world and its relation to God. At about the same time musicologists and historians of science and religion began to study her and the past ten years have seen a proliferation of books and academic studies on her life and work. There are films and videos about her, societies, colloquia and conferences in her name. She is also taken seriously as a musician, and the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians gives her nearly six pages.

Sample Cscp Questions

Module: 1 Question 1 All of the following are key components of the definition of supply chain management, EXCEPT: A. monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value B. synchronizing of supply and demand C. building a competitive infrastructure D. selecting suppliers Question 2 Which of the following is a key supply chain process? A. forecast B. source C. benchmark D. analyze Question 3 Supply chains create value by: A. increasing profitability and return to shareholders B. providing multiple variants of products for customers C. making transaction processing more efficientD. developing more accurate forecasts Question 4 Which of the following is not an â€Å"entity† of a supply chain? A. producer B. supplier C. customer D. manager Question 5 Which of the following describes the typical flow of cash in a supply chain? A. customer to producer to supplier B. producer to customer to supplier C. supplier to producer to customer D. customer to supplie r to producer Question 6 Suppliers provide all of the following to a supply chain, EXCEPT: A. materials B. energy C. services D. demand Question 7 All of the following describe a supply chain flow, EXCEPT: A. he flow of physical materials and services from supplier to other entities B. the flow of cash upstream to raw material suppliers C. the flow of information within a supply chain D. the flow of employees from one department to another Question 8 Reverse supply chain is employed for the following reasons, EXCEPT: A. repairs B. disposal C. recycling D. quality control Question 9 Tier 2 suppliers: A. provide materials or services to suppliers of the producer B. provide lower quality raw materials C. serve only as a back-up to Tier 1 suppliers D. supply raw materials to the secondary products of a company Question 10Which of the following best describes the term lateral supply chain? A. processes are no longer performed internally and become dependent on outsourced collaborations B . the supply chain grows incrementally C. a supply chain that is applicable in various industries D. a supply chain that holds significant centralized control of processes Module: 2 Question 1 What condition describes the magnification of demand fluctuations up the supply chain? A. bullwhip effect B. demand variability C. exponential smoothing D. square root rule Question 2 Each of the terms below are sources of demand variability, EXCEPT: A. ompetition B. seasonality C. life cycle trends D. manufacturing delays Question 3 What is one cause of the bullwhip effect? A. lead times B. seasonality C. weather D. quality control Question 4 Each of the following is an approach to avoiding multiple forecasts, EXCEPT: A. information sharing B. system integration C. vendor-managed inventory (VMI) D. transactional processing Question 5 What is one way to reduce the contribution of lead time to the bullwhip effect? A. reducing order batch size B. time management C. prioritization D. cost reducti on Question 6 Which of the following is true about forecasting?A. It should be done once a year B. It should be conducted by the supply chain leadership C. It is more accurate for groups than for individual items D. It is better to under-forecast rather than over-forecast Question 7 Independent demand is best defined by: A. demand for the finished product B. demand forecast of an unbiased third party provider C. demand that is based on actual orders D. demand for manufacturing raw materials Question 8 When do corporations employ qualitative forecasting? A. When products are low value B. When products are at the end of life stage C. For new product introductions D.When reliable historical sales data is available Question 9 Intrinsic forecasting focuses on: A. data about demand for the product itself B. variables that affect the demand of the product C. leveraging the collective experience possessed by employees D. the inherent value of the product to the customer Question 10 Which of the following is true about naive forecasting? A. assumes the demand will be consistent from one period to the next B. makes educational guesses on demand for a new product C. request input from employees outside of the supply chain D. it is an error prone forecast Module: 3 Question 1Customer relationship management (CRM) is best described as: A. a focus on managing long term supplier relationships B. a marketing philosophy based on putting the customer first C. managing customers to promote your products D. transactional guidelines when dealing with customers Question 2 One general goal of supplier relationship management (SRM) is: A. ensure mutual profitability while meeting customer needs B. manage supplier costs C. build relationships with as many suppliers as possible D. improve negotiation process Question 3 What impact has the focus on CRM and SRM had on business mindset? A. lower costs B. reater integration C. shorter cycle times D. focus on bottom-line results Question 4 What is a key reason for the move to greater integration with suppliers? A. consolidation of the industry B. technology transfer C. improved relationships D. reduce complexity Question 5 All of the following are typical requirements when implementing CRM and SRM EXCEPT: A. new job definitions B. new organization structure C. new corporate vision D. new technology platform Question 6 Independent organizations that cooperate based on mutual values and act as a single entity is called a: A. lateral organization B. integrated supply chain C. ean supply chain D. virtual organization Question 7 What role has technology played in CRM? A. It has made it easier for business to gather information on customer buying habits B. It has spawned new software companies C. It has changed the roles of participants D. It has reduced the complexity of the supply chain Question 8 Technology has played all of the following roles in SRM, EXCEPT: A. Systems can show current status of operations B. Suppliers can communicate with customers in real time C. Transactional processes can be automated D. Security enhancements now effectively segregate enterprise business processes Question 9Based on the APICS definition of SRM, a firm will implement this philosophy with: A. all tier 1 type suppliers B. a selected group of suppliers C. all suppliers D. a few suppliers who are deemed indispensable Question 10 A firm that has a customer first marketing philosophy practices: A. CRM B. TPM C. SRM D. CTM Module: 4 Question 1 Which one is NOT among the three largest companies presently providing ERP software: A. SAP B. Oracle C. Microsoft D. Sybase Question 2 All of the following are key characteristics of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems EXCEPT: A. odularized business applications B. common data source C. seamless integration enabling the flow of information throughout the firm D. normalized application structure Question 3 All of the following are key to maximizing the ROI of an ERP syst em EXCEPT: A. hiring skilled employees and providing adequate training B. system monitoring and constraint improvement C. early global launch D. business process mapping Question 4 The MOST significant characteristic of leadership in determining the value realized by an ERP system is: A. competence B. vision C. intelligence D. analytical strength Question 5A successful deployment of a fully integrated ERP system is a characteristic of a: A. Stage 1, functional focused supply chain B. Stage 2, internally integrated supply chain C. Stage 3, externally integrated supply chain D. Stage 4, cross-enterprise collaboration and optimized supply chain Question 6 What provides the foundation for a supply chain to move to Stage 3 and ultimately Stage 4 of supply chain development? A. MPS B. ERP C. DRP D. MRP Question 7 The ERP software design shift from proprietary, closed applications to web-based modules: A. increased user training requirements B. increased costs C. eased system implementatio nD. eased system integration with legacy and 3rd party systems Question 8 When selecting an ERP system, it is important to ensure the business model implicit in the system is: A. based on the industry standard B. robust C. aligned with your business model D. scalable Question 9 What percentage of your required functionality should you expect in an industry leading ERP system off-the-shelf product: A. 50% B. 70% C. 80% D. 90% Question 10 What is MOST likely to increase if an off-the-shelf ERP system lacks at least 80% of your required functionality? A. training costs B. consulting costs C. license costs D. hardware costs

Essay on Le Corbusier Villa Savoye

Essay on Le Corbusier Villa Savoye Essay on Le Corbusier: Villa Savoye Essay on Le Corbusier: Villa SavoyeLe Corbusier (1887 –1965), a talented Swiss-French architect and designer, is well known as the founder of modern architecture. Le Corbusier was born in Switzerland, but in 1930, he became a citizen of France. His unique buildings were constructed in Europe, India, and the USA. The architect was focused on designing the houses for the residents of the contemporary large cities, providing improved conditions for living in overcrowded areas. Le Corbusier was a well-educated man. He studied arts at the La-Chaux-de-Fonds Art School and architecture in Vienna. He was a â€Å"founder of the Congrà ¨s International dArchitecture Moderne (CIAM)† (Pinder 61). Le Corbusier’s talent had been widely used in urban planning. The most influential figures in his life were Renà © Chapallaz, Auguste Perret, Josef Hoffmann, Peter Behrens, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius.Cultural and societal influencesLe Corbusier managed to invert the established traditional design elements. He placed heavy architectural elements above the light ones located below. Besides, he â€Å"refused to enclose the ground story of the Villa Savoye with masonry walls†(Kleiner 887). Besides, he was influenced by new technologies. According to researchers, Le Corbusier â€Å"occupies a critical position in urbanism† due to the influence of the city planning(Pinder 61). He wanted to reconstruct modern cities, making considerable change in urban design. The architect criticized the disorder of modern cities and wanted to make them more impressive and appealing for living. He was focused on the transformation of spaces. According to Pinder, he was influenced by â€Å"the garden city movement† (63). Le Corbusier’s ideas contributed to the new styles in post-war reconstruction of the city buildings, especially during the housing crisis in France in the 1920s. The architect argued that â€Å"urban problems were root ed in a failure to come to terms with the demands of industry and the machine age† (Pinder 63). He paid special attention to the effects of urbanization and the consequences of mechanization for the city life.A discussion of some of the most influential works by the subject  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most influential work is the Villa Savoye designed by Le Corbusier in 1929 in France. The Villa Savoye is a unique seminal building designed in the Modernist style. The Villa Savoye project is unique due to the uniqueness of design and construction. Le Corbusier used steel and ferroconcrete as the major construction materials, which helped to make the so-called â€Å"load† of the upper stories of the building by means of the slender columns (Kleiner 887).The Villa Savoye was designed to serve as a private home, but the architect was influenced by cultural and social factors to create a house that could serve as â€Å"the machine for living† (Klei ner 887). Le Corbusier designed the Villa Savoye the way he did because the architect reflected the fundamental nature of his style in architecture. The Villa Savoye is considered to be the purest Modernist construction.There are five major elements in the Villa Savoye’s architectural style, including   slender columns, impressive flat roof terrace, open plan, ribbon windows and free faà §ade (AD Classics: Villa Savoye / Le Corbusier, 2013). These elements were used by Le Corbusier as he was interested in technology and design of traditional steamships. The architect used simple design that resembled. His idea to create a unique steam-lined design was born out of new innovative engineering techniques of the 1920s-30s. Thus, cultural and social factors influenced Le Corbusier’s spatial planning, simplicity in details and minimalistic aesthetic and established the architect’s vision, making the Villa Savoye seminal.

Use of the Apostrophe in Possessive Constructions

Use of the Apostrophe in Possessive Constructions Use of the Apostrophe in Possessive Constructions Use of the Apostrophe in Possessive Constructions By Mark Nichol This post outlines the prevailing rules and recommendations for employing apostrophes when using the possessive form of a noun and discusses in which cases an s should follow the apostrophe. Apostrophes are used to indicate singular possession, as in â€Å"The dog’s collar is too tight,† and plural possession, as in â€Å"Several of our neighbors’ cars were vandalized.† When referring to two or more people collectively, use an apostrophe only after the last noun or name: â€Å"John and Jane’s daughter is going off to college.† When referring to two or more people separately, employ apostrophes for each noun or name: â€Å"My doctor’s and dentist’s names are the same.† Some style handbooks recommend using only an apostrophe after singular nouns and proper names ending in s, as in â€Å"The witness’ last statement is puzzling† and â€Å"He is among the most eccentric of Dickens’ characters,† but this style is prevalent primarily in journalistic writing, and most style guides call for an additional s: â€Å"The witness’s last statement is puzzling† and â€Å"He is among the most eccentric of Dickens’s characters.† However, plural possessive forms of surnames should be treated as in â€Å"The Smiths’ house is the third one on the right.† (Plural possessive forms of names ending in s are treated as in â€Å"We had dinner at the Thomases’ house.†) An exception used to be made for words and names ending in an unpronounced s as well as biblical or classical names ending in s, but now it is recommended that these be supplied with an additional s; examples include the names in â€Å"Descartes’s treatise† and â€Å"Jesus’s followers.† However, when the singular and plural forms of a noun are the same, omit the final s, as in â€Å"The species’ distinguishing characteristics are listed below.† When the name of an entity such as a city ends in s but is singular, likewise, use an apostrophe only: â€Å"Construction of El Dorado Hills’ new community center is underway.† If such conflicting usage seems awkward, avoid the possessive form; instead, write â€Å"The distinguishing characteristics of the species are listed below† and â€Å"Construction of the new community center in El Dorado Hills is underway.† When using an idiom beginning with for and ending in sake, such as â€Å"for goodness’ sake,† omit the final s. Apostrophes are also used in the genitive case, in expressions such as â€Å"two weeks’ notice,† and in possessive forms that resemble the attributive use of a noun (that is, a noun modifying another noun), such as â€Å"farmers’ market,† meaning â€Å"a market belonging to farmers.† Some people choose to style such phrases attributively (â€Å"farmers market,† meaning â€Å"a market of farmers†), but such use is best reserved only for proper names (for example, â€Å"the Department of Veterans Affairs†). When a gerund follows a noun, the noun should be treated possessively, as in â€Å"Doctors’ prescribing such medication is problematic,† meaning â€Å"The habit among doctors of prescribing such medication is problematic,† but perhaps it is better to simply use the alternative wording. The possessive form of a noun that follows a preposition, however, is optional; one may write either â€Å"They knew about their supervisor’s spying on them† or â€Å"They knew about their supervisor spying on them,† but this, too, is perhaps better revised to â€Å"They knew that their supervisor was spying on them.† Italicized publication and book titles should be followed by an nonitalicized apostrophe and s, as in â€Å"People’s cover story† and â€Å"War and Peace’s formidable length,† though periodical titles ending in s should be followed by an apostrophe only, as in â€Å"the Los Angeles Times’ subscription data.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing LightAwoken or Awakened?Narrative, Plot, and Story

Sustainable Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Sustainable Operations Management - Essay Example Its main focus is on the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes involved in value creation for sustainable development and growth. The term sustainability aims at keeping a balance between the human needs and prevention of the ecosystems on which our future generation depends. In specific, it refers to the exploitation of resources with the orientation of technological changes and minimal environmental damage to the present as well as future needs. The adoption of sustainable development theory is at an ever growing pace with the increased awareness of eco-friendly environment and analysis has indicated that since after the introduction of UN Agenda 21 (Moore, pp. 20-28, 2008), things seem to accelerate significantly in this area. In order to compete with the global market, businesses are paying more attention towards the environmental consequences of their products or services. They have realized the importance of operations strategy to support the company’s objectives and corporate goals. This trend has transformed the nature of operations to green product design, triple bottom line reporting and close-loop supply chains (Lippmann, pp. 1-9, 1999). The involvement of operations management is present from strategic to tactical and operational levels. Its activities include â€Å"site location, layout and structure, inventory management, traffic and materials handling, equipment selection and maintenance, designing technology supply chains, etc† (Metz, 1998). In this regard, this paper will focus on the issues companies confront while developing their policies regarding sustainable development (Moore, pp. 29-33, 2008) in the area of supply chain management. Supply Chain Management The term supply chain interchangeably used as ‘demand chain’ or ‘value chain’ refers to the voluntary commitments made by the companies to manage better relations with the suppliers (Metz, 1998). It manages in three different directions: t he information flow in all the departments, the funds flow and the materials flow to the concerned places. As the aim of this assignment is to identify and discuss some of the key issues faced by the companies in the development of a sustainable supply chain policy, it has been an observation that companies have realized that the value they provide to their customers in the form of a product or service is not enough to survive in this competitive world (Webb, pp. 1-5, 2000). There is a constant need to address and resolve the sustainability issues throughout the supply chain. â€Å"Some of the most popular and important approaches to SCM includes collaborative planning, outsourcing, customers-suppliers partnership and ISC (integrated supply chain) design† (OECD, 1999). In specific, there are three dimensions on the basis of which a sustainable supply chain policy is developed. Particularly, UN Agenda 21 (Moore, pp. 29-33, 2008) divided the dimensions in two categories: social and economic. However, this paper has identified environmental, social, and ethical concerns that directly affect the performance and image of the company. Environmental Issues: a) the use of natural resources b) gas emissions c) waste management concerns d) harmful substances e) energy consumption f) deforestation g) global warming h) ozone depletion i) Nuclear radiation. Social Issues: a) Role and responsibility of the company towards the social

Introduction and Problem of Practice Research Paper

Introduction and Problem of Practice - Research Paper Example Nursing scholars have moved from developing nursing Meta theories to building theories that encounter specific problems related to nursing practice. Some of theories have been said not to cover completely nursing phenomenon. It may be argued that it is because some countries have little theoretical development. Due to this argument, many believe that the discipline of nursing is less affluent. It has also been facilitated by the transference of American nursing theories to other countries. To expand the nursing theories, theorists have gone to other countries, held conferences and participated in translation of books. Nursing theories have often been founded in the conviction that the nursing body of knowledge should be control or influence clinical practice rather than being defined by it (American Nurses Association, 2010). Nursing theories can be used in differentiating the focus of nursing from other professions (American Nurses Association, 2010). Concepts of theories have been used to guide all phases of the nursing process, including planning, implementing, and evaluating nursing care (Finkelman, 2012). In addition, they have been used in describing and explaining desired responses during practice. Nursing theories makes nurses to be focused on the goal set, hence making them more alert and confidence in their practice. They guide research; validates and modifies the theory, hence enhancing communication. Theories have been used to contribute to the development of the nursing disciple body of knowledge. Some theories are more worthy for certain situations, for example, one theory can be used to a patient in a home health care setting, whereas a patient in an acute care environment will use a different theory (Sabah, 2013). All the approaches are valid as long the nurse recognizes the value and usefulness of nursing theory as a tool for effective nursing practice. There are many theories used in the nursing field to solve problems encountered while attend ing to a patient by the professional nurses. An example of a theory to show how theories have been used in practice; Faye Glenn’s human needs theory, which was set to guide in providing human needs to those in hospital, but also has relevance for nursing care in community setting. Faye Glenn used this theory to promote the image of the nurse who was not only kind and caring, but also intelligent, adept, alert and prepared so oversee that patients receive quality services. This theory influences the nurse’s judgment in the selecting steps, in solving the patient problem and focusing in taking care of the patient. The problem facing the practice; the gap between theory and the practice in nursing has widened over the years. According to Sabah, â€Å"It is becoming difficult everyday for the nurses to administer multiple theories; this is due to conflicting knowledge they posses for use in their daily practice.† In most theoretical pieces of work in nursing, major threads of theoretical thinking are difficult to identify (Sabah, 2013). Problem in the practice that has been encountered is that, many theorists have used the term theory as interchangeable with such terms as conceptual framework, conceptual model, and paradigm. Some theories cannot be applicable when needed in the medical room to a patient (Masters, 2011). Many scholars have stated that the grand nursing theories or the conceptual framew

Emergency Action Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Emergency Action Plan - Assignment Example Inside the booth are phone directories that bear the frequently used emergency phone contacts. Other than the booths, an alarm has been installed in one the adjacent building. The alarm is used to alert the participants in case of danger so that they can leave the swimming pool with immediate effect. The participants with Autism are usually at a higher risk during the swimming lessons (Mary, 2010, pp23). They can accidentally fall in the water and get trapped inside without being noticed. Since their speaking is sometimes distorted, they may not be in a position to alert others for help. To care of these individuals, lifeguards have taken it upon themselves to ensure that they swim under a close watch. Fellow students are advised to partner with an autistic friend while in the pool. In case of emergency such as drowning or seizure in water, the lifeguards and trained student captains are usually to lead the rescue plan (Red Cross, 2015). Rescue plans and methods vary with the kind of emergency. If one is trapped under water, deep-swimmer lifeguards have the sole responsibility of performing the search and bringing the victim to the surface. In case of fire, the participants have been instructed on how to ring the alarm and use the fire extinguishers. While the main role of the lifeguards is to perform a rescue operation, the Adapted Aquatic Instructors have a general role of giving directions to the participants. These include swimming tactics for various purposes such as emergency. The instructor assistants usually wok alongside the senior instructors and represent their seniors when they are away. They give the participants a general orientation of the facility and are always available for the students during swimming lessons. When there is an emergency that is beyond the capabilities of the staff, it is always advisable to seek for an external help through phone calls. 911 is always a central rescue number. However, there is always a chain

Orems general theory of nursing is composed of three constructs

Orems general theory of nursing is composed of three constructs Orems theory: Orems general theory of nursing is composed of three constructs. Throughout her work, she interprets the concepts of human beings, health, nursing and society and has defined 3 steps of nursing process. It has a broad scope in clinical practice and to lesser extent in research, education and administration. Orems theory describes how patients self -care needs will be met by nurse, the patient or both. This theory includes Self-care: practice of activities that individual initiates and perform on their own behalf in maintaining life, health and well being; self care agency is a human ability which is the ability for engaging in self care -conditioned by age developmental state, life experience socio-cultural orientation health and available resources, Therapeutic self-care demand: totality of self care actions to be performed for some duration in order to meet self care requisites by using valid methods and related sets of operations and actions, and Self -care requisites: action directed towards provision of self-care. 2) Roys theory: His theory is evolved from mental imagery of what nursing is, who the nursing client is, and what the goal of nursing is. He systematically developed theoretical propositions to promote research projects. Propositions were based on neurological and biological sciences. The goal of nursing is to help person adapt the changes 3) Nightingale: Florence Nightingale  (1820-1910), considered The founder of educated and scientific and widely known as The Lady with the Lamp wrote the first nursing notes that became the basis of nursing practice and research. In environmental effects she stated in her nursing notes that nursing is an act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery Nightingale 1860/1969 that it involves the nurses initiative to configure environmental settings appropriate for the gradual restoration of the patients health, and that external factors associated with the patients surroundings affect life or biologic and physiologic processes, and his development. B) CREATE A TIMELINE WHEN THESE THEORIES WERE DEVELOPED. Ans b. 1) Orems Nursing: Concept of Practice was first published in 1971 and subsequently in 1980, 1985, 1991, 1995, and 2001.Continues to develop her theory after her retirement in 1984. 2) Roys theory was developed from 1976-1981. 3) Nightingales theory was developed between 1820-1910. Q2) UNDERSTANDING OF HEATH CARE TEAM. RESEARCH THE VARIOUS HEALTHCARE TEAM MEMBERS AND DISCUSS THEIR ROLE IN PATIENT MANAGEMENT Doctors: they have in common is a high level of autonomy in practice and a commensurate level of responsibility. Nurses and nursing staff: The people in this group provide direct, hands-on patient care, most often carrying out doctors orders but also initiating care based on their own clinical judgment and observation at the patients bedside. They provide near continuous monitoring of a patients progress and response to treatment and have a strong tradition of patient advocacy. Other Direct care providers: The people in this group provide direct patient care in particular settings or areas of medicine. Some function as physician extenders and practice in settings and areas of medicine as diverse as physicians do. Therapists: The people in this group provide direct patient care in specialized areas, usually at the request of primary caregivers. Some concentrate on helping patients regain or retain their ability to function with respect to daily activities while others provide therapy to patients with problems in specific areas (Respiratory Therapists, Speech-Language Pathologists). Care and Psychosocial Support Coordinators: The people in this group assist patients and caregivers with the coordination of the complex and variable range of services that may be required for patients and their families. Some deal primarily with logistical issues, continuity of care, post-discharge support and resources, and financial issues. Others address spiritual needs and support or complex issues involving difficult ethical decisions. Diagnostic Technologists: The people in this group provide technical services in support of diagnostic or therapeutic aspects of patient management. Some are primarily involved in collecting and analyzing biological patient samples, while others are involved in gathering diagnostic data (images) and carrying out treatment protocols. Administrators and information managers: The people in this group are not involved in hands-on patient care but provide critical resources to ensure the smooth operation of the health care team. Some have responsibility for the overall operation of a hospital or institution some provide or process the gamut of information necessary to ensure efficient and safe patient management, and others ensure the security of the physical facility (Hospital Security Officers) or work to minimize the liability of the institution. Other support staff: The people in this group provide a variety of services. Some are in direct contact with patients, often assisting them as they move through the processes involved in accessing and interacting with the healthcare system. Others provide services primarily to other members of the health care team. B) CASE STUDY 1   Ansb. Case study 1: I would suggests the best way to solve Rebeccas case would be to let the doctors know about the situation, and the dieticians can be very much helpful in this case. Q3 ENROLLED NURSE CAREER Ans3. A) ENROLLED NURSE WORK IN A VARIETY OF HEALTH CARE SETTINGS, RESEARCH AND DISCUSS SOME OF THE CAREER PATHWAYS OPEN TO ENROLLED NURSES. ANS A) Rest haven acknowledges that the continued provision of quality service to residents and clients is underpinned by appropriately trained and skilled staff. Enrolled nurse can work as midwifery, in mental health dept., in aged care, NT public sector nursing and midwifery. B) THERE ARE SEVERAL PROFFESIONAL BODIES THAT NURSES MAY JOIN AS WELL AS ORGANIZATIONS WE MUST BE APART OF, DISCUSS THE ROLE AND FUNCTION OF THESE PROFESSIONAL BODIES. ANS B) Enrolled Nurses can find work with a variety of organizations including hospital wards or operating theatres, GP surgeries, nursing homes, community health centers, aged care services, private homes, schools, ambulance service, the Red Cross, emergency aid or even a combination of these. Health industry / health focused business settings: University, vocational, and school educational settings Maternity / Birthing facilities. Acute care and Day Surgery hospitals (adults and Children) As a casual flight nurse. C) THROUGHOUT OUR CAREER WE ALL ARE EXPOSED TO PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL. WHAT IS THIS PROCESS AND WHY ISIT IMPORTANT TO OUR CAREER DELIVERY? ANS C) In the early 1980s performance appraisal was redirected from issues related to the development of psychometrically sound rating scaled to those involving the cognitive processes of raters (Landy and Farr 1980, Feldman 1981). Since that time several reviews have attempted to translate principles from social cognition and cognitive psychology to the specific conditions of formal appraisal systems in work-oriented organizations. The review is structured around a 3 stag process model of gathering, storing and retrieving information about social stimuli for the purpose of rating performance. Factors affecting this process are clustered into four categories: appraisal settings, rates, raters and the nature of scales used for the appraisal. Once reviewed, the research is evaluated in terms of its contributions to improving the quality of appraisal systems as they are used in organizations (Janet L, Daniel R, David B 1980) Q4 NURSING CARE A) RESEARCH THE FOLLOWING METHODS OF NURSING CARE DELIVERY; WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS OF EACH TYPE OF CARE DELIVERY? Ans A) 1) Functional nursing care: This model is also referred to as the Task Method, and for good reason. Functional nursing evolved during the Depression when RNS went from being private practitioners to becoming employees for the purposes of job security. Once WWII broke out, however, nurses left to care for the soldiers, which left the hospitals short-staffed. To accommodate this shortage, hospitals increased their use of ancillary personnel. For efficiency, nursing was essentially divided into tasks, a model that proved very beneficial when staffing was poor. The key idea was for nurses to be assigned to TASKS, not to patients. For example, one nurse would be responsible for all the treatments, another nurse for all the medications, and so on. Advantages: A very efficient way to delivery care. Could accomplish a lot of tasks in a small amount of time Staff did what only they were capable to do: no extraneous work was added that could be done by assertive personnel. Disadvantages: Care of persons became fragmented Patients did not have one identifiable nurse and the nurse had no accountability. Very narrow scope of practice for RNS Lead to patient and nurse dissatisfaction 2) Team Nursing: Advantages: 1. High quality comprehensive care can be Provided despite a relatively high proportion of ancillary staff. 2. Each member of the team is able to participate in decision-making and problem solving. 3. Each team member is able to contribute his or her own special expertise or skills in caring for the patient. 4. Improved patient satisfaction. 5. Organizational decision making occurring at the lower level. 6. Cost-effective system because it works with expected ratio of unlicensed to licensed personnel. 7. Team nursing is an effective method of patient care delivery and has been used in most inpatient and outpatient health care settings. Disadvantages: 1. Establishing a team concept takes time, effort and constancy of personnel. Merely assigning people to a group does not make them a group or team. 2. Unstable staffing pattern make team nursing difficult. 3. All personnel must be client centered. 4. There is less individual responsibility and independence regarding nursing functions. 5. Continuity of care may suffer if the daily team assignments vary and the patient is confronted with many different caregivers. 6. The team leader may not have the leadership skills required to effectively direct the team and create a team spirit. 7. Insufficient time for care planning and communication may lead to unclear goals. Therefore responsibilities and care may become fragmented (Marquis and Huston, 2003). 3) Client Assignment: Client assignment or total patient care method is the oldest way of providing care to a patient .In this one nurse provides total care for one patient during the entire work period. This method was used during Florence nightingale era. Care includes fulfilling the needs of whole family as well as cooking and cleaning (Nelson, 2000). Advantages:- The patient receives consistent care from one nurse and this helps in developing mutual trust between patient, nurse and family. This method of caring is comprehensive, continuous and holistic. Disadvantages: In todays healthcare economy it proves to be very expensive. It requires highly qualified and skilled nurses but during the times of nursing shortages there are not enough resources or nurses to use this model. This care delivery requires total patient care, such as assessment and teaching the patient and family, as well as the less functional aspects of care. 4) Primary Nursing: Primary nursing was developed in the 1980s by Marie Manthey and the hallmark of this model is that one nurse cares for one group of patients with 24 hour accountability for planning their care. In other words, a Primary Nurse (PN) cares for her primary patients every time she works and for as long as the patient remains on her unit. An Associate Nurse cares for the patient in the PNs absence and follows the Primary nursing individualized plan of care. This is a decentralized delivery model: more responsibility and authority is placed with each staff nurse. It has been debated whether PN is a cost-effective model. Some say it is because the RN has all the skills necessary to move the patient through the health care system quickly. Others say it is not cost effective because RNS spend time doing things that other, less expensive employees can do. Advantages: Increased satisfaction for patients and nurses More professional system: RN plans and communicates with all disciplines. RNs are seen as more knowledgeable and responsible. RNs more satisfied because they continue to learn as a function of the in-depth care they are required to deliver. Disadvantages: Intimidating for new graduates who are less skilled and knowledgeable Where do we get all these RNS during times of shortage? B) WHEN DELEVERING AGE CARE, GENDER, RELIGION AND CULTURE OF OUR CLIENT NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF HOW A NURSING ACTIVITY MAY NEED TO BE ADJUSTED TO MEET DIFFERENT NEEDS IN RELATION TO THIS. AnsB.   Nurses need a pragmatic approach to the culture of clients that is flexible enough to take multiple scenarios into account. The very first step is to understand the concept of diversity. In this discussion, diversity is an inclusive concept that embraces not only ethnic groups and people of color, but also other marginal or vulnerable people in society. These groups are included because they experience discrimination based on their lifestyle choices, e.g., sexual preference, or their socioeconomic status, e.g., the poor, the handicapped. Several theoretical models for cultural assessment are available. Leininger (1991), Giger and Davidhizer (1995) and Campinha-Bacote (1994) developed three of the most widely used models. The Leininger model is an expansive systems approach to achieving cultural understanding. She identifies the cultural content categories as educational, economic, political, legal, kinship, religious, philosophical, and technological. Giger and Davidhizer propose tha t nursing consider the following phenomena for their cultural importance: communication; space; time; environmental control; biologic variations; and social organization. The Campinha-Bacote model views cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, and cultural encounters as components of cultural competence in nursing care delivery. Nursing literature also offers many data collection tools that were devised to create a profile of clients from other cultures and to specify how associated behavior influence the biological, psychological and sociological dimensions of health. However, integrating these theoretical models and assessment tools into the actual practice of nursing continues to be an evolving process. The most basic assumption is that there is a point of convergence where people enjoy sameness before differences cause divergence. This sameness or common core is largely an outgrowth of the universal need of all people to be treated with respect. The ability of the nurse to accept the need of all persons to be treated with respect is predicated on awareness of the interaction of three cultures. First, it begins with our personal selves as cultural entities. Every nurse brings two cultures into the relationship with clients. First, the qualities and characteristics of personal culture are key determinants of personal and professional behavior. Second, and equally important is recognizing that the health care delivery system, which the nurse represents and helps the client and family to access, is also a separate and unique culture. Both of these cultures-that of the nurse and of the health care system- must strike a balance with a thirdthe culture of the client. Ignoring any of these entities creates barriers to the achievement of positive, productive, and caring nurse -client relationship.   Nurses care for the whole person. If nursing care is truly holistic, then culture must be an integral part of the nursing process. Culturally competent care is achieved when individualized care includes a complementary and harmonious blend of the patients beliefs, attitudes and values, with Western health care practices (Murray Atkinson, 2000). The nursing process is the primary tool for critical thinking. It facilitates decision-making and is a deliberative, systematic method of care planning for individuals, families, and communities.   C) CASE STUDY 2 Ans c. As a nurse we should maintain the confidentiality as well as duty of care towards our client. In this case if we report this we breach the clients confidentiality or privacy. Most of the organizations have internal reporting protocol, in this case the nurse should report to the appropriate person within the organization. This is called internal duty of care but theres also external duty of care as well. Having reported internally and if that person would report it externally then even it breaches the confidentiality of the client. If the client doesnt want to let the nurse report internally also even then it breaches his confidentiality. Duty of care is a balancing between your duty to that person and that persons rights. But at last keeping Jones uncomfortable during his sons visit all the time its better to do something for him rather than doing nothing. Because to be sued for negligence is worse than being sued for a breach of confidentiality. Thus in this case its better t o report the concerned RN within organization but at same time it should not be reported externally by RN. This satisfies the duty of care as well as confidentiality. (Brian Herd, Carne Reidy Herd) Q5) EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE ANS A) A great and increasing challenge facing all practitioners, regardless of their discipline or background, is how to keep abreast of new research findings. All clinicians would like to think that they are following best practice and that their practice is based on evidence. However, evidence-based practice means more than practicing with an awareness of research evidence. A widely accepted definition of evidence-based medicine is a conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about individual patients (Sackett et al, 1996). Ensuring that nurses can practice according to the philosophical underpinnings of their profession is recognized as an important factor in job satisfaction and hence is critical to retention and recruitment of the nursing workforce (Baumann et al. 2001). Employers share responsibility with nurses, professional associations and others for promoting environments that support quality professional practice (Canadian Nurse s Association 2001). The Aged Care Standards and Accreditation Agency Ltd (the Agency) was established in October 1997 and appointed as the accreditation body under the  Aged Care Act 1997  (the Act) owned by Australian government. The Accreditation Grant Principles 1999 require the Agency to carry out regular supervision of accredited residential aged care homes to monitor their compliance with the Accreditation Standards and other responsibilities under the Act; and to assist residential aged care homes to undertake a process of continuous improvement. Improvements have occurred in the provision of care and services since the commencement of accreditation. There have been three major rounds of comprehensive accreditation assessment since September 1999. In an industry comprising more than 2,800 residential aged care homes nationally, during the last round (July 2005 to December 2006), 91.8% of residential aged care homes were assessed as being fully compliant with all 44 expected outcomes of the Ac creditation Standards. That is an improvement from an already outstanding 87.9% three years earlier, and a sharp improvement compared with 63.5% in 2000.

Thoughts on the Color, Blue Essay -- Exploratory Papers

Thoughts on the Color, Blue During the time when polytheistic religions were widely practiced in Europe, colors represented ideas associated with the paranormal and the spiritual. In many cases, the color blue represented safety and protection. It was believed that if someone wore or carried something blue, the bearer would be protected from evil spirits. Over time, as patriarchal societies formed, the welfare of the male child took priority over the welfare of the female child. Since male children were more important, parents surrounded their sons with blue objects. This explains the common association of males and the color blue that exists even in modern society. A common practice among new families and couples with children on the way is to decorate the rooms of the infants with either blue or pink, depending on the gender of the child. Though some prefer a more neutral tone such as white or beige, blue or pink baby rooms can still be found. This practice promotes the association of the color to the gender and the gender to the color. When thinking of the color blue and ...

Analysis Of The Indian Dairy Industry Essay

My new venture is Lakshmi Dairy which (According to Hindu mythology cow is considered to be the goddess of wealth and prosperity) attempts to encroach the simple dairy merchandise. Processing the milk in my dairy which iam likely to set up in my home town, that is acquired from farmers from surrounding villages. My ultimate target would be from the day-to-day consumption and flourishing dairy products such as butter, cheese, yoghurt, especially types of Milk itself i.e., Skimmed milk, semi-skimmed, whole milk. Keeping in mind my previous experience, in my family business (Lakshmi Milk Booth) along with my father, collecting milk from various farmers and distributing them in our village, which I thought will be helpful for me in starting a dairy firm. This helps me to expand my family business (Lakshmi milk booth) by employing my villagers who at least have a minimum qualification which helps them in handling the sophisticated equipment that is used in this whole process. Introduction: see more:non farming activities in india Food, clothes and shelter are the three basic necessities of human beings where food is considered to the first and foremost thing for the survival of the human beings (source). It can be consumed in the form of liquids such as water, milk, natural fruit juice, beverages etc as well as solids such as baked food, cooked food, natural fruits and vegetables etc. As milk is considered as the highly nutritious and the complete food, it is consumed in a large quantity. Especially, for the kids who are less than 3 yrs old, it is suggested by doctors that Milk gives sufficient calcium, proteins and vitamins before they can digest any other food (reference, u can’t say on ur own). Not only kids but also people who are aged above 45 yrs are habituated to consume milk as a part of their break fast, as it strengthens teeth and bones and supplies required calcium (reference please). Indian dairy industry: Agriculture is the largest private sector and is also known to be the lifeline of the Indian economy. More than 60% of the population is dependant on the agriculture while 58.2% of the work force is directly or indirectly employed by means of agriculture. (Reference please, when giving facts and figures u need references for sure) Dairy farming is the most important part of the agriculture for thousands of years now and India is the largest milk producer. It produces 112 million MT with the highest share of 13% of the world’s production, which costs approximately 105,946 crores ( £1 = 72) (Shiva kumar Hedaoo, 2010) (this one is ok) Dairy industry is the highest contributor of the rural economy and hence it is considered to be the backbone of the agricultural sector. It is the leading source of nutrition, Bio-gas, employment, income of cash and a ‘cushion for drought proofing in India (Patel, 1993; Paroda, 1998). http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/analysis ­of ­the ­indian ­dairy ­industry ­marketing ­essay.php 1/7 12/18/2014 Analysis of the Indian dairy industry Market Research: The world’s largest and the cheapest milk producer is India (Shiva kumar Hedaoo, 2010). Dairy products in India have a market value for about 100 billion. For many years now, the dairies in India have been delivering universally required products such as Semi-skimmed and skimmed milk, vanaspathi (ghee), butter, cheese etc. So as to capture the market place they have also started producing new dairy products like low fat milk, sweet yogurt etc. also the traditional sweets like rasmalai, rasgullas etc.  there  by creating an opportunity for the new entries. Dairy farming industry in India is one of the most rapidly growing industries, which is in turn is providing various opportunities for the new entrepreneurs. However, media (electronic and press) and the government play a key role in educating the people about the importance of the milk consumption and its products regularly. As per the recent (which market survey mention it)market survey, it is considered that the total population of India is 168 crores approximately. On the other hand, doctors and reputed health organisations are constantly advising us to include at least 100 ml of milk per day in our daily meal. (reference please, which doctor or doctors or doctors association)In that case, if every individual starts consuming 100 ml per day, the milk consumption on the whole might be 168,000 tons approximately. The growth and expansion of Dairy industry in India is likely, due to the development of the urban communities. The global consumption of milk has tremendously increased but it has become a challenge to meet the basic nutritional value of the dairy products in the under developed, developed and developing countries. The growth in per capita income might impact and eventually increase the consumption of milk and its products. Through the historical data, it is evident that as per the Indian standards the consumption of the dairy products could be more of the live stock products. The changes are more likely when the mankind start adopting the new lifestyle, food habits which are considered to be a part of the socioeconomic and the demographic factors (Radhakrishan and Ravi, 1990).(ok) Structure of the Industry: India is a developing country. Moreover, the dairy industry in India is not well established when compared to that of western countries. More than 90% of the dairy products are delivered by unliterary/unorganized sector and only 10% are delivered by organized sectors. (Shiv Kumar Hedaoo, 2010, referencing goes like (Hedaoo, 2010) that’s it).(other than that Fine) Many dairies adopted the most traditional and the ancient ways of producing milk and its products. Until the past few years countries like India have been concentrating only on limited and regional dairy products like yogurt  (regular), butter, cheese etc. Since the last 3 years, in order to capture the market, they have been producing the new dairy products such as sweet yogurt, flavoured milk shakes etc. (Shiv Kumar Hedaoo, 2010).gud SWOT Analysis: T he best of the data for conducting the SWOT analysis has been gathered considering the real instances of my (Give some name) Family Business (Milk) and the recent information on Dairy Industry in India, especially focusing on rural (villages) areas. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/analysis ­of ­the ­indian ­dairy ­industry ­marketing ­essay.php 2/7 12/18/2014 Analysis of the Indian dairy industry Strengths: India is well known for largest live stock owning, as it has about 61% of buffaloes and 19% of cattle of the world (GOI, 2002). (Gud) In the year 1992, the livestock in India was 470.86 millions approximately (Sharma, June 2002 page 8, (u don’t need page and month while citation, it should be like this (Sharma, 2002) that’s it). Considerably the labour and the whole production unit costs are less when compared to that of other countries. Also, India stands in the 2nd place in terms of the population and also the 7th largest country in the world of which 43% of the land has been used for agriculture purpose. Weaknesses: The two drawbacks of dairy Industry in India are as follows: In spite of availability of the various sophisticated equipments, most of the Dairy firms in India still tend to use the ancient techniques for the process of production. Any Source u can proof ur point Most of the dairy firms in India are unorganized. (Hedaoo, 2010), I have done this referencing for u†¦ Opportunities: In recent days, we could see that there has been tremendous increase in the consumption of milk, which wouldn’t have been possible without the intervention of media and the government. The key task performed was educating the people about the dairy products and its importance which effectively increased the consumption of milk. Hence, they created an opportunity for the new entities to capture the market share. Government has also made it easy for the dairy firms to import the highly sophisticated equipments with very less excise duty charges and the licensing policies etc. (u need source/reference to cover up ur this point) Threats: Unfortunately, many other western countries are exporting high quality dairy products to India due to the liberalization and the WTO full form please, as u havn’t mention it before agreements, teacher will say I don’t know what is it. Hence, there are high end milk products that are readily available in the market which could be at a major threat to the new entities. (How is the main point, rite it down) My Business Concept: I would hereby like to talk about the whole business plan (Lakshmi Dairy Firm) that I am likely (likely word shud not come, as u must be sure as a business women) to start. My family is based out of Thadepalligudem (a small village with more than 300 families among which there could be 85% illiterates approximately (Source)) in Costal Andhra (Andhra Pradesh, the highest milk producing state in India). Our family has been running a small business across http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/analysis ­of ­the ­indian ­dairy ­industry ­marketing ­essay.php 3/7 12/18/2014 Analysis of the Indian dairy industry the village for almost 32 yrs now. I helped my father in the business, apart from my studies, since I was 12 yrs old which helped me gain some knowledge in establishing my own firm based on my experience. My father, mother and 3 more staff that we have engaged used to collect milk twice a day (at 6 am and 5 pm) at the milk booth, apart from which we have a delivery staff of size 15. On an average we collect 3000-3500 litres (u can increase ur staff if u want as it seems to be much more enough for 5 people to collect milk, that’s my opinion) of milk from the villagers belonging to my own village and also the surroundings. Once the milk is gathered, it is sent for processing i.e., purifying, filtering and refining. One this process is complete; the milk is filled and stored in the container of with the capacity of 30 litres each. These cans are then distributed accordingly at homes, sweet shops, bakeries, hotels etc. in the near by towns and cities, by the delivery staff through various means (wrong spelling) of transportation like motorcycles, auto rickshaws etc. without actually packing or chilling. The distribution of the milk cans should not take more than 2 hrs; on the whole it takes 5 hrs from the time the milking is done to the time of delivery. If the entire stock is sold out, we get a minimum profit of 15% to the maximum of 20%. During the winter season, as the cows and buffaloes yield more milk, the production is high (by 6% to 8% on the whole) where as there is decrease in the consumption. As villages doesn’t have any kind of sophisticated equipment for storing the remaining milk, it goes waste i.e., loss. Due to the less consumption of milk (in winter season), the prices may drop down from 30% to 50% in the neighbourhood villages. Instead, if we have required modern equipments to convert milk into milk powder, we may still make more profit on the whole (5% higher than the normal profits). (gud natural point) During summer, the consumption of milk is likely to increase and hence there is more demand for the dairy products such as yogurt, butter, cheese, ghee etc. However, the production of milk during this season is very less.(why milk production is low in summers proof it) Also there is no latest machinery which could covert milk into several other dairy products in huge quantities, due to which we loose our valuable customers. Currently my family is carrying the business transactions between two cities and collecting the milk from six villages only. Also there is no dairy firm located for about 410 kms from my village, as my village itself and its surrounding villages are under developed and backward. In order to overcome the above mentioned difficulties, I have business plan of establishing a Milk Dairy in my village. Following are the reasons to choose my village for a launching a Milk Dairy: Have more livestock compared to other villages. Central place to 20 other villages (easy access). Near by to the cities with the population of more than 75,000 individuals. We own a land which is big enough to construct the building. To develop my village in terms of liveliness. Allocation of sufficient funds by government for the firms that are been established in the backward areas. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/analysis ­of ­the ­indian ­dairy ­industry ­marketing ­essay.php 4/7 12/18/2014 Analysis of the Indian dairy industry Initially, I would start of my business by introducing the highly sophisticated equipments, which helps us store the milk for longer time (say 20-25 days). The next equipment that I would introduce is the packing  machine (to sell the milk in packets as we do now) and a van with a built in chilling machine which makes it easy for the long distance transportation. We (our family business) are well known for the quality, punctuality/timely delivery and reasonable prices of the product, at the same time we maintain a good rapport with our staff by giving wages on time and lending advances. (Well done) Market and USP: In the cities and towns near by my village there could (u shud be certain with facts and figures while doing or starting business) be a population of about 80,000 approx. where it is assumed that 8,000 to 8,500 litres of milk can be sold out and the dairy products of 1700 to 1900 kilograms every day (varies from season to season). In my village, very limited numbers of dairy products are available (which products are they mention it please). However, the customers are not satisfied as they are unhygienic, low quality etc. Due to the lack of alternatives, they had to purchase it. (say we will provide better alternatives) Taking this as advantage I would like to produce more number of dairy products like milk powder, yogurt, skimmed and semi-skimmed milk etc. with high quality and reasonable prices. I strongly believe that the goodwill of my family will give a boost up, which I (u shud be certain while doing business whether it works or not) be successful by working with the well versed experienced staff. Competitors: As there is no dairy closer to my village, people are dependant on the regional milk sellers. There are four other competitors who has the similar business that we carry out, among which two of them are closed during summer (due to the less production of milk), while the other two has less reputation and fame when compared to us and we conquer 60% of the market share while the 40% is captured by the rest. Price and Margins: The primary objective of launching a Dairy firm is to make the hygienic, reasonable product available any time. The cost price of milk/litre is 9 to 13 and the selling price is 14 to 18 per litre ( £1=72*). If the entire stock  is sold out then we are likely to make a profit of 2 to 3 per litre. The left over milk will be processed to convert it into the milk powder, which in turn can be saved up to 6months and are sold out during summer (when in demand). The supplements like yogurt, ghee, and butter milk are bought from the farmers directly and are further processed to meet the quality. These dairy products can be sold with a margin profit of 15% at the maximum.a